The monograph describes the sociological interpretation of the modern paternalism, including patron-client relations, in the context of the traditional and new institutional theories. The Author's model is applied for industrial, political, and edicational institions of the modern Russian society. Natalya Shushkova's book contains extensive never-published sociological data. It might interest sociologists, experts in social relations and management as well as persons and institutions interested in socio-cultural developments of the Russian society.